Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a sovereign nation situated on the west coast of Central Africa. It is bordered by Cameroon to the north and Gabon to the west, and possesses a small, but strategically important, coastline on the Atlantic Ocean. The country's geography is characterized by a mix of tropical rainforests and coastal plains, with significant oil and gas reserves underpinning its economy. The population, estimated around 1.4 million people, is predominantly composed of the Fang ethnic group, with the Bubi people forming a notable indigenous community on the island of Bioko.