Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a sovereign nation located in the Melanesian region of Oceania. It comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous offshore islands, forming a highly diverse and geographically complex state. The country shares its only land border with Indonesia to the west, while its neighbors include Australia to the south and the Solomon Islands to the east. Its capital, Port Moresby, is situated on the southern coast, serving as a major administrative and commercial hub for the nation.