Jijoca de Jericoacoara serves as the northernmost municipality within the Brazilian state of Ceará, situated geographically near the city of Cruz. It is a coastal administrative division that encompasses the famous eponymous beach and the surrounding national park area. The municipality functions as a key transit hub for travelers heading to the nearby resort village, acting as the nearest town with paved road infrastructure to Jericoacoara.

The region holds historical significance dating back to 1499, when Vicente Yáñez Pinzón anchored in the bay of Jericoacoara during Christopher Columbus's fleet, although this was not officially recognized due to the Treaty of Tordesillas signed that same year. The area evolved from a secluded fishing village with no roads or electricity into a protected zone, declared an Environmental Protection Area in 1984 and a National Park in 2002, which imposed building restrictions to preserve the environment.

The landscape is defined by streets paved with sand and beaches that stretch far into the distance, creating an idyllic setting removed from modern urban stress. Until approximately twenty years ago, the village lacked basic utilities like electricity, phones, and television, relying rarely on money. Today, while amenities such as hot showers and air conditioning are available, local law forbids street illumination to maintain the natural atmosphere of the coastal environment.

The area attracts visitors seeking a relaxed hippie resort experience, where many travelers extend their stays beyond original plans due to the appealing environment. The culture is shaped by its history as a simple fishing community and its current status as a tourist destination with controlled tourism. The name Jericoacoara derives from the indigenous Tupi language, meaning lair of turtles, reflecting the natural heritage that draws people to witness the warm waters and palm-swaying breezes.

The municipality has a population of 28,198 as of 2025. Access is facilitated by Jericoacoara airport, which opened in 2017, though most visitors arrive via road from Fortaleza or Sobral. Transport options include 4x4 vehicles, package deal microbuses, and regular buses that change to jardineiras near Jijoca for the final leg of the journey, with private trucks also available for those traveling to the nearest paved town.