Nový Bor is a town situated in the Česká Lípa District within the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It lies approximately seven kilometers north of Česká Lípa and thirty-four kilometers west of Liberec, positioned mostly within the Ralsko Uplands with its northern territory extending into the Lusatian Mountains and Central Bohemian Uplands. The Šporka Stream flows through the settlement, while the southern part of the municipal area is characterized by numerous fishponds.

The first written mention of the area dates to 1471, when the village of Arnultovice was founded. A new settlement established in 1692 was promoted to town status in 1757 under the rule of the Kinsky noble family, who oversaw its greatest prosperity. The historic town centre is well preserved and protected as an urban monument zone, reflecting centuries of development that include the annexation by Nazi Germany from 1938 to 1945.

The town features squares such as Náměstí Míru and Palackého náměstí, surrounded by valuable Empire and Biedermeier houses. Key landmarks include a town hall originally built as a manorial granary in 1751 and the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, rebuilt in Baroque form between 1786 and 1788. The oldest monument is an eighteenth-century statue of the Virgin Mary located behind the church.

Nový Bor is renowned for its glass industry, with the Glass Museum presenting the history of regional glass production through permanent exhibitions and displays of glass craftsmen. The town is also home to 1. Novoborský ŠK, the most successful Czech chess club in modern history, which has won numerous top-tier titles. These cultural and industrial heritage sites define the visitor appeal alongside the preserved architectural character.

The population was recorded as 11,318 in 2025, with the economy significantly supported by Crystalex, the country's largest glassworks. Transport infrastructure includes the I/13 and I/9 roads bypassing the town, while the railway line connects Česká Lípa to Rumburk. The town is twinned with Aniche in France and the German cities of Frauenau and Zwiesel.