Trutnov is a town situated in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It lies within a hilly landscape on the Úpa River, positioned approximately 39 kilometres north of Hradec Králové. The municipal territory extends across the Giant Mountains Foothills, with portions reaching into the Broumov Highlands and a small northern section entering the Giant Mountains itself. Its highest point is located on the slopes of Dvorský les Mountain at 965 metres above sea level.

The settlement was founded around 1250 by the Švábenský of Švábenice noble family, originally named Úpa after the river. King Wenceslaus II purchased the area in 1301, and it became known as Trutnov. From 1400 to 1599, the town served as a dowry town for Bohemian queens. It was captured by Jan Žižka during the Hussite Wars in 1421 and later hosted the Battle of Trautenau in 1866 during the Austro-Prussian War.

The historic core comprises Vnitřní Město, delimited by 14th-century town walls whose fragments remain. Krakonošovo náměstí square features a neo-Gothic Old Town Hall, a statue of Joseph II, and a Baroque Holy Trinity Column from 1704. The town contains three valuable churches: the Neoclassical Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, the Renaissance-style Church of Saint Wenceslaus, and the neo-Gothic Church of Saints Peter and Paul in Poříčí.

Cultural attractions include the Bohuslav Martinů Concert Hall housed in a former Lutheran church. The town hosts the Trutnov Open Air Music Festival since 1990 and the Obscene Extreme metal festival since 1999. A slalom course on the Úpa River has hosted the Trutnovské slalomy competition annually since 1965. The historic town centre is well preserved and protected as an urban monument zone.

Trutnov has a population of 29,607 as of 2025. Major employers include Vitesco Technologies Czech Republic and Tyco Electronics EC Trutnov, both automotive electrical equipment manufacturers with over 1,000 employees each, alongside the Trutnov hospital. The Krakonoš Brewery, founded in 1582, is one of the country's oldest. The town serves as the terminus for an interregional railway line from Prague.