Willcox is a city located in Cochise County, Arizona, within the United States. It sits in the Sulphur Springs Valley, a flat and sparsely populated drainage basin dotted with seasonal lakes. The area is surrounded by prominent mountain ranges, including the Pinaleño and Chiricahua Mountains. Six of Arizona's ten largest mountains lie within a 70-mile radius, making the region geographically significant for its elevation and terrain.

Founded in 1880 as a whistlestop on the Southern Pacific Railroad, the town was originally named Maley due to its position halfway between El Paso and Phoenix. It was renamed in 1889 to honor General Orlando B. Willcox. In the early 20th century, Willcox became a national leader in cattle production before agriculture and later wine cultivation defined its economic evolution.

The city features historic landmarks such as the restored Willcox Southern Pacific Railroad Depot, which now houses City Hall. The Rex Allen Arizona Cowboy Museum and Willcox Pioneer Cemetery are notable sites, with the latter containing the grave of Warren Earp. The nearby Fort Bowie National Historic Site offers ruins from the Apache Wars era, while the Willcox Playa dry lakebed lies five miles south.

Willcox hosts several festivals celebrating its cowboy culture and wine industry, including Rex Allen Days in October and the semi-annual Wine Country Festivals. The Wings Over Willcox Birding Festival attracts visitors to observe sandhill cranes wintering on the playa. The town also serves as a gateway to Chiricahua National Monument and supports a vibrant arts scene with local vineyards and craft fairs.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,213. The economy relies on agriculture, wine production, and tourism, with Interstate 10 providing major transportation access. Willcox has a cold semi-arid climate with large diurnal temperature variations, making it ideal for viticulture. The region produces 74 percent of Arizona's wine grapes, supporting over 400 jobs in the industry.