Naumburg is a town in southern Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, serving as the administrative capital of the Burgenlandkreis district. It sits at the confluence of the Unstrut and Saale rivers near the border with Thuringia, approximately sixty kilometers southwest of Leipzig. The settlement lies within the Saale-Unstrut region, which is recognized as the smallest vine-growing area in Germany. Its strategic location at the crossing of the historic Via Regia and the Regensburg Road established it as a significant trading center during the Middle Ages.

The first written record of Naumburg dates to 1012, when it was mentioned as the new castle of the Ekkehardinger Margraves of Meissen. A Propstei Church was founded on the site in 1021, and Pope John XIX approved the transfer of the bishopric from Zeitz to Naumburg in 1028. The town remained the seat of bishops until 1568 during the Reformation. In 2018, the Naumburg Cathedral was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its role in the Christianization and cultural exchange of Europe between 1000 and 1300.

The town comprises quarters such as Almrich, Grochlitz, Henne, and Weinberge. Its defining landmark is the Naumburg Cathedral, a UNESCO site featuring a Romanesque core with two Gothic choirs and four towers. The cathedral houses the famous founder statues and works by the Naumburg Master, reflecting Hohenstaufen period architecture. The city also retains historical connections to the nearby Moritzburg castle in Zeitz and the former monastery Pforta in Schulpforte, which hosts a renowned boarding school.

Tourism is increasingly focused on the area's heritage, particularly the cathedral and its medieval sculptures. The town was historically a center for mechanical engineering, pharmaceuticals, and footwear manufacture under the German Democratic Republic. Today, visitors explore the old city, the vineyards of Saale-Unstrut, and nearby castles like Neuenburg and Rudelsburg. The local tramway, using historic vehicles, offers a glimpse into the city's industrial past while providing transport through the walkable inner city.

Naumburg has a population of 31,940 as of 2024. The climate is mild with warm summers and cool winters, relatively dry for German standards. Access is facilitated by the Naumburg (Saale) Hauptbahnhof, connected to regional express trains from Halle, Erfurt, and Leipzig. The closest airport is Leipzig/Halle Airport, located twenty-two kilometers northwest of central Leipzig. While industry was once strong, the economy has shifted toward tourism and services following reunification.